Citation Styles

NTU SPMS' Division of CBC uses the American Chemical Society' (ACS) citation style.

Some important components of the ACS citation style:

1. In-text Citation Format
   References in the text should be cited in one of the three ways:
   a. by number (1)
   b. by superscript number¹
   c. by author name and date (Borman, 1990)
   References should be in italics and numbered sequentially.
    
2. Bibliography
   A reference list, displayed at the end of the article which provides full details of all references cited in the text. The references are ordered in alphabetical order if cited by author and date or in numerical order if cited by numbers.

Some examples taken from The ACS style guide: effective communication of scientific information are given below. 

References to work presented at conferences and meetings must be treated on a case-by-case basis. At least three types of citations are possible:

1. Full citations of published abstracts and proceedings. The format resembles that of a book citation.
   Author 1; Author 2; Author 3; etc. Title of Presentation. In Title of the Collected Work, Proceedings of the Name of the Meeting, Location of Meeting, Date of Meeting; Editor 1, Editor 2, etc., Eds.; Publisher: Place of Publication, Year; Abstract Number, Pagination.
   
   Example:
   Garrone, E.; Ugliengo, P. In Structure and Reactivity of Surfaces, Proceedings of the European Conference, Trieste, Italy, Sept 13–20, 1988; Zecchina, A., Cost, G., Morterra, C., Eds.; Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1988.
    
2. CASSI citations of published abstracts and proceedings. The format is that of a periodical citation.
    
3. References to oral presentations, posters, or demonstrations at technical meetings, possibly accompanied by handouts or brochures. These references contain no publication information and the recommended format is 
   Author 1; Author 2; Author 3; etc. Title of Presentation (if any). Presented at Conference Title, Place, Date; Paper Number.

Example:
Garrone, E.; Ugliengo, P. In Structure and Reactivity of Surfaces, Proceedings of the European Conference, Trieste, Italy, Sept 13–20, 1988; Zecchina, A., Cost, G., Morterra, C., Eds.; Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1988.

The minimum required information for a book is author or editor, book title, publisher, city of publication and year of publication. 

Standard format for citation:

Examples:
Single author or editor

1. House, J.E., Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd ed.; Academic Press: Waltham, MA, 2013. ​

Multiple authors or editors

1. ​Anastas, P. T.; Warner, J. C. Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 1998.
2. Asmus, K. D. Recent Aspects of Thiyl and Perthiyl Free Radical Chemistry. In Active Oxygens, Lipid Peroxides, and Antioxidants; Yagi K., Ed.; Japan Scientific Societies: Tokyo; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1993; pp 57-67.

No author

1. McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Chemistry, 2nd ed.; McGraw-Hill: New York, 2003; p 26.

The minimum required information for a journal is author, abbreviated journal title, year, publication, volume number, and initial page of cited article, though complete pagination is possible. Article titles are not essential, but they highlight the contents of the article. Some ACS publications include the article title while others do not. Check with the publication itself. If article title is included, use capitalization from the original source, ending with a period. Journal abbreviation and volume are italicized. Year of publication is bolded. No punctuation in journal abbreviations except periods. No conjunctions, articles, or prepositions in journal abbreviations. No comma or semicolon before or after journal titles.

Examples:
Deno, N. C.; Richey, H. G.; Liu, J. S.; Lincoln, D. N.; Turner, J. O. J. Amer. Chem. Soc.1965, 87, 4533-4538.

Borman, S. Sucrose Synthesis Sets A Record. Chem. Eng. News 1990, 78, 52.

Use the title found on the Web site itself; add the words “Home Page” for clarification when needed.

Author (if any). Title of Site. URL (accessed Month Day, Year), other identifying information (if any).

Examples:

ACS Publications Division Home Page. http://pubs.acs.org (accessed Nov 7, 2004).

Chemical Abstracts Service. STN on the Web. http://stnweb.cas.org (accessed Nov 7, 2004).

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Home Page. http://www. iupac.org/dhtml_home.html (accessed April 24, 2005).

EndNote is a software tool that can help you organize and format bibliographies and figure lists for your project report/scientific paper/thesis/dissertation.

For EndNote tutorials, FAQs, the downloading of EndNote and the registration of EndNote workshops conducted by the library, please click here.