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"Open Science is the practice of science in such a way that others can collaborate and contribute, where research data, lab notes and other research processes are freely available, under terms that enable reuse, redistribution and reproduction of the research and its underlying data and methods. In a nutshell, Open Science is transparent and accessible knowledge that is shared and developed through collaborative networks" (Vicente-Sáez and Martínez-Fuentes, 2018, The Open Science Training Handbook.)
Open Science encompasses the following (Open Science of FOSTER):
Unlike traditional models of science that produce articles locked behind a journal paywall, Open Science (also known as Open Scholarship) is about opening up the tools, processes, and products of science to make research more reproducible and equitable.
The European Union has adopted Open Science as the official framework for research in higher education (EU Open Science Policy). It is believed that Open Science will lead to research that is:
NTU fully endorses the principles of open access and expects faculty, staff and higher degree students by research to make their research publications and theses open access (Open Access Policy). In addition, the University requires final research data to be made available at the institutional data repository, DR-NTU (Data), and/or an external open access data repository (Research Data Policy).
Moreover, there are various other channels or tools with which the research community can engage in Open Science at various stages of the research lifecycle.
Kramer, Bianca, & Bosman, Jeroen. (2018, January). Rainbow of open science practices. Zenodo. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1147025
Open Science: Michael Nielsen at TEDxWaterloo
Listen to Michael Nielsen, one of the pioneers of quantum computation, on his take on open science collaboration - why some flourished and others fizzled out, as well as his aspirations for the open science community.
Code collaboration and project management
Collaborative writing and publishing